Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery
Volume 112, Issue 3 , Pages 204-208 , April 2010

TrueFISP imaging of the pineal gland: More cysts and more abnormalities

Received 8 September 2008 ,Revised 13 October 2009 ,Accepted 18 November 2009.

References 

  1. Hasegawa A, Ohtsubo K, Mori W. Pineal gland in old age: quantitative and qualitative morphological study of 168 human autopsy cases. Brain Res. 1987;409:343–349
  2. Tapp E. The human pineal gland in malignancy. J Neural Transm. 1980;48:119–129
  3. Lum GB, Williams JP, Machen BC, Akkaraju V. Benign cystic pineal lesions by magnetic resonance imaging. J Comput Tomogr. 1987;11:228–235
  4. Sawamura Y, Ikeda J, Ozawa M, Minoshima Y, Saito H, Abe H. Magnetic resonance images reveal a high incidence of asymptomatic pineal cysts in young women. Neurosurgery. 1995;37:11–15discussion 15–6
  5. Petitcolin V, Garcier JM, Mohammedi R, Ravel A, Mofid R, Viallet JF, et al. Prevalence and morphology of pineal cysts discovered at pituitary MRI: review of 1844 examinations. J radiol. 2002;83:141–145
  6. Mamourian AC, Towfighi J. Pineal cysts: MR imaging. AJNR. 1986;7:1081–1086
  7. Katzman GL, Dagher AP, Patronas NJ. Incidental findings on brain magnetic resonance imaging from 1000 asymptomatic volunteers. JAMA. 1999;282:36–39
  8. Caldas JG, Doyon D, Lederman H, Carlier R. Magnetic resonance study of the pineal region. Normal pineal gland and simple cysts. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 1998;56:237–244
  9. Tapp E, Huxley M. The histological appearance of the human pineal gland from puberty to old age. J Pathol. 1972;108:137–144
  10. Barboriak DP, Lee L, Provenzale JM. Serial MR imaging of pineal cysts: implications for natural history and follow-up. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2001;176:737–743
  11. Fetell MR, Bruce JN, Burke AM, Cross DT, Torres RA, Powers JM, et al. Non-neoplastic pineal cysts. Neurology. 1991;41:1034–1040
  12. Sugiyama K, Arita K, Okamura T, Yamasaki F, Kajiwara Y, Ueda H, et al. Detection of a pineoblastoma with large central cyst in a young child. Childs Nerv Syst. 2002;18:157–160
  13. Sener RN. The pineal gland: a comparative MR imaging study in children and adults with respect to normal anatomical variations and pineal cysts. Pediatr Radiol. 1995;25:245–248
  14. Sumida M, Barkovich AJ, Newton TH. Development of the pineal gland: measurement with MR. AJNR. 1996;17:233–236
  15. Golan J, Torres K, Staskiewicz GJ, Opielak G, Maciejewski R. Morphometric parameters of the human pineal gland in relation to age, body weight and height. Folia Morphol (Praha). 2002;61:111–113
  16. Pu Y, Mahankali S, Hou J, Li J, Lancaster JL, Gao JH, et al. High prevalence of pineal cysts in healthy adults demonstrated by high-resolution, noncontrast brain MR imaging. AJNR. 2007;28:1706–1709
  17. Milroy CM, Smith CL. Sudden death due to a glial cyst of the pineal gland. J clin pathol. 1996;49:267–269
  18. Richardson JK, Hirsch CS. Sudden, unexpected death due to “pineal apoplexy”. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 1986;7:64–68
  19. Cooper E. The human pineal gland and pineal cysts. J Anat. 1932;67:28–46
  20. Bodensteiner JB, Schaefer GB, Keller GM, McConnell JR. Incidental pineal cysts in a prospectively ascertained normal cohort. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 1996;35:277–279
  21. Mandera M, Marcol W, Bierzynska-Macyszyn G, Kluczewska E. Pineal cysts in childhood. Childs Nerv Syst. 2003;19:750–755
  22. Golzarian J, Baleriaux D, Bank WO, Matos C, Flament-Durand J. Pineal cyst: normal or pathological?. Neuroradiology. 1993;35:251–253
  23. Engel U, Gottschalk S, Niehaus L, Lehmann R, May C, Vogel S, et al. Cystic lesions of the pineal region – MRI and pathology. Neuroradiology. 2000;42:399–402
  24. Hajdu SI, Porro RS, Lieberman PH, Foote FW. Degeneration of the pineal gland of patients with cancer. Cancer. 1972;29:706–709
  25. Megyeri L. Cystic changes in the pineal body. Frankf Z Pathol. 1960;70:699–704
  26. Tapp E, Huxley M. The weight and degree of calcification of the pineal gland. J Pathol. 1971;105:31–39

PII: S0303-8467(09)00307-2

doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2009.11.010

Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery
Volume 112, Issue 3 , Pages 204-208 , April 2010

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution